cardiovascular medicine papers

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Across the Heart Failure Spectrum: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 trials involving 18,558 patients indicates that while GLP-1 receptor agonists significantly improve quality of life, functional capacity, and all-cause mortality in heart failure patients (particularly those with HFpEF and obesity), they did not significantly reduce the composite of cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalization, with mortality benefits appearing driven by cardiovascular outcomes trial subgroups rather than dedicated heart failure trials.

Ferreira, V. M., Muller, V. A.2026-03-24📄 cardiovascular medicine

Heterotaxy Is Associated with Previously Unrecognised Ciliary Defects Independent of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia

This study reveals that heterotaxy patients without classical primary ciliary dyskinesia exhibit previously unrecognized subtle ciliary ultrastructural defects and preserved beat amplitude, which are significantly associated with a higher prevalence of complex congenital heart disease and specific organ situs abnormalities.

Venditto, L., Bottier, M., Rai, R. K. + 9 more2026-03-24📄 cardiovascular medicine

Circadian Patterns of Wearable-Derived Electrocardiographic Age and Left Atrial Remodeling in AF-Naïve Individuals

This study demonstrates that wearable-derived AI-ECG age exhibits reproducible circadian patterns in AF-naive individuals, where the disruption of a normal nocturnal decline is significantly associated with left atrial enlargement, suggesting that circadian electrophysiological aging captures structural atrial vulnerability beyond static assessments.

Park, S. H., Jin, J. H., Kim, J. + 6 more2026-03-24📄 cardiovascular medicine

Atrial Fibrillation Polygenic Risk Score (AF-PRS) Predicts Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study of 16,801 Individuals

In a retrospective cohort study of 16,801 individuals, a higher atrial fibrillation polygenic risk score was found to significantly predict the development of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, suggesting that genetic susceptibility to atrial fibrillation can serve as an early risk stratification tool for this condition.

Alsaiqali, M., Asllanaj, B., Florea, V. + 16 more2026-03-24📄 cardiovascular medicine

Effects of Genetically-Proxied Antihypertensive Drug Targets on Preeclampsia and Birth Weight

This drug-target Mendelian randomization study suggests that while genetically proxied inhibition of calcium channel blockers may reduce preeclampsia risk without harming fetal growth, beta-blocker inhibition is unlikely to prevent preeclampsia and is associated with reduced birth weight primarily through direct fetal mechanisms, supporting the prioritization of calcium channel blockers for preeclampsia prevention trials.

Ardissino, M., Morley, A. P., Richards, E. M. F. + 7 more2026-03-23📄 cardiovascular medicine

Cholesterol management gaps before a recurrent coronary event: insights from the Get With The Guidelines - Coronary Artery Disease registry

This study of the Get With The Guidelines-CAD registry reveals that significant gaps in ambulatory cholesterol management persist among patients with known coronary artery disease, with approximately one-third not using statins and over half of users having uncontrolled LDL-C levels, highlighting notable disparities where women and Black and Hispanic patients face higher risks of inadequate treatment prior to recurrent coronary events.

Colantonio, L. D., Wang, Z., Sigal, S. L. + 2 more2026-03-23📄 cardiovascular medicine

Cardiovascular and Metabolic Outcomes in Adults with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: A Retrospective Cohort Study

This retrospective cohort study reveals that adults with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders exhibit a significantly higher burden of congenital and acquired cardiovascular diseases and cardiometabolic abnormalities compared to matched controls, a risk that persists even after adjusting for conventional metabolic factors and warrants enhanced cardiovascular screening.

Weeks, O., Sleeper, L. A., Khurshid, S. + 4 more2026-03-22📄 cardiovascular medicine

Continuous tracking of aortic aneurysm diameter with peripheral pulse waves: a computational framework combining sequential Markov chain Monte Carlo with Kalman filtering

This paper proposes and validates a computational framework that combines sequential Markov chain Monte Carlo with Kalman filtering to continuously track abdominal aortic aneurysm diameter using peripheral pulse waves, demonstrating that aggregating data from wearable sensors can achieve clinically relevant accuracy even when patient-specific hemodynamic parameters are uncertain.

Bhattacharyya, K.2026-03-21📄 cardiovascular medicine

Sarcomere Variants of Uncertain Significance identify an Intermediate Clinical Risk Profile in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

This multicenter retrospective study demonstrates that sarcomere variants of uncertain significance (VUS) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients represent an intermediate clinical risk profile with distinct phenotypic features, suggesting they are not entirely clinically neutral but rather part of a continuum of sarcomere dysfunction between pathogenic variants and genotype-negative cases.

Choi, H.-M., Seo, S. H., Hwang, I.-C. + 12 more2026-03-20📄 cardiovascular medicine

Age-dependent Transcriptional Programs Distinguish Pediatric from Adult Dilated Cardiomyopathy

This study reveals that pediatric and adult dilated cardiomyopathy are biologically distinct diseases driven by divergent transcriptional programs, with pediatric cases characterized by developmental pathway activation and preserved $\beta$ 1-adrenergic signaling, thereby explaining the limited efficacy of adult-derived therapies like $\beta$ -blockers in children.

Lerouz, Z., Nyarko, O. O., Karimpour-Fard, A. + 8 more2026-03-20📄 cardiovascular medicine

Alcohol, Cardiovascular Disease, and Industry Influence: A Meta-review

This meta-review of 90 systematic reviews reveals that the evidence linking alcohol to cardiovascular disease is of critically low quality and fragmented, with industry-funded studies disproportionately concluding that alcohol is cardioprotective and receiving significantly higher citation rates than independent research.

Golder, S., Lau, O., Hartwell, G. + 5 more2026-03-20📄 cardiovascular medicine

Clinically relevant risk threshold for predicting sudden cardiac death

Based on a simulation framework derived from 18 randomized controlled trials, this study concludes that an annual sudden cardiac death risk threshold of approximately 3% is the optimal minimum for identifying patients who will derive a clinically relevant mortality benefit from implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy, even when accounting for competing non-sudden mortality risks.

Hernesniemi, J. A., Ahola, R., Uimonen, M.2026-03-19📄 cardiovascular medicine

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis

This systematic review and meta-analysis of 59 randomized controlled trials demonstrates that SGLT2 inhibitors significantly reduce all-cause mortality and heart failure hospitalizations across the full spectrum of heart failure, supporting their role as a foundational therapy despite an increased risk of genital infections.

Ferreira, V. M., Muller, V. A.2026-03-18📄 cardiovascular medicine

Cardiometabolic health and the timing of habitual exercise in the All of Us Research Program

This study utilizing one year of minute-level heart rate data from 14,489 All of Us participants reveals that habitual morning exercise is independently associated with significantly lower odds of coronary artery disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and obesity compared to daytime exercise, suggesting that exercise timing is a distinct and underappreciated factor in cardiometabolic health.

Patel, P., Riegal, C., Kalyanasundaram, A. + 11 more2026-03-18📄 cardiovascular medicine

CARDIAC-FM: A Multimodal Foundation Model for Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Using ECG and Cardiac MRI

CARDIAC-FM is a multimodal foundation model trained on paired ECG and cardiac MRI data from the UK Biobank that achieves superior, generalizable cardiovascular risk prediction across diverse cohorts by learning joint representations, while remaining deployable in clinical settings using only ECG and standard risk scores.

Li, F., Li, S., Qian, Y. + 13 more2026-03-18📄 cardiovascular medicine

Differential Network-Based Causal Graph Learning for Cardiovascular Recurrence Risk Prediction and Factor Discovery

This paper proposes the Causal Factor-aware Graph Neural Network (CFGNN), a novel method that utilizes differential networks to model individual-specific factor interactions for accurately predicting myocardial infarction recurrence risk and identifying key causal risk factors from a systemic perspective.

Zhou, M., Zhang, M., Wang, J. + 2 more2026-03-18📄 cardiovascular medicine

Role of Lifestyle and Risk Factor Modification Clinics in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials

This systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials demonstrates that lifestyle and risk factor modification clinics significantly reduce atrial fibrillation recurrence and hospitalizations while improving quality of life compared to usual care, supporting a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach for managing atrial fibrillation.

Zhao, Y., Ha, F. J., Brown, A. J. + 1 more2026-03-18📄 cardiovascular medicine

Deletion size and background genetic variation shape congenital heart disease phenotypes in 3,016 individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

An analysis of 3,016 individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome reveals that both the specific size of the deletion and background genetic variation significantly influence the type and severity of congenital heart disease phenotypes.

Lin, J.-R., Miller, D., Luong, D. + 38 more2026-03-17📄 cardiovascular medicine

EchoAtlas: A Conversational, Multi-View Vision-Language Foundation Model for Echocardiography Interpretation and Clinical Reasoning

EchoAtlas is a pioneering autoregressive vision-language foundation model trained on 12.9 million question-answer pairs that unifies visual assessment, quantitative measurement, and clinical reasoning to achieve state-of-the-art performance in echocardiographic interpretation.

Chao, C.-J., Asadi, M., Li, L. + 12 more2026-03-17📄 cardiovascular medicine

Impact of Discharge Antihypertensive Therapy on Left-Sided Reinterventions Following the Pediatric Ross Procedure

This study of 2,097 pediatric Ross procedure patients found that discharge antihypertensive therapy, particularly beta-blockers, was associated with significantly reduced rates of left-sided reintervention or mortality at five years, especially in children aged 1 to 12 years.

Zubair, M., Faateh, M., Jones, C. + 5 more2026-03-17📄 cardiovascular medicine

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