📄 Category

cardiovascular medicine

95 papers

Cardiovascular medicine focuses on the heart and blood vessels, exploring how to prevent, diagnose, and treat conditions that affect our circulation. This vital field ranges from understanding high blood pressure and heart failure to investigating the latest breakthroughs in surgical techniques and lifestyle interventions. Because these discoveries directly impact public health, staying informed about emerging research is more important than ever for both specialists and curious readers.

At Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this category as it appears on medRxiv, ensuring you have immediate access to the latest findings before they undergo formal peer review. For each study, we provide both a plain-language explanation to clarify the core concepts and a detailed technical summary for those seeking deeper scientific context. Below are the latest papers in cardiovascular medicine, organized to help you navigate the most recent developments shaping the future of heart health.

📄 cardiovascular medicine

Should Coronary Revascularization Precede Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement? A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

This meta-analysis of three randomized controlled trials involving 1,156 patients indicates that routine percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) prior to transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) does not reduce mortality but significantly lowers the need for revascularization while nearly doubling the risk of bleeding, thereby supporting a selective rather than routine approach to revascularization.

Soliman, D., abdelmalek, J., Puchongmart, C., Sodsri, T., Sivakumar, N., Sly, Z.2026-05-20
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Prevalence and determinants of rheumatic heart disease among school-going children in Dhanusha district, southern Nepal: a cross-sectional echocardiographic screening study

This cross-sectional echocardiographic study of 4,536 school children in Dhanusha, Nepal, reveals the country's highest documented rheumatic heart disease prevalence (18.7 per 1,000), with two-thirds of cases being subclinical and female sex identified as the sole independent predictor, highlighting the critical need for school-targeted screening programs.

Regmi, P. R., Shakya, U., Suwal, S. N., Shah, R. K., Shah, R., Baidhya, P. R., Tamang, A., Thapa, S.2026-05-20
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Association of Circulating Calcitonin With Risk and Onset of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery

This study demonstrates that higher preoperative circulating calcitonin levels are independently associated with a reduced risk and delayed onset of postoperative atrial fibrillation in cardiac surgery patients, suggesting its potential utility as a biomarker for perioperative risk stratification.

Yiu, C. H. K., Moreira, L. M., Akoumianakis, I., Rothwell, P., Antoniades, C., Reilly, S.2026-05-19
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Prevalence, Genetics, and Imaging Characteristics of Patients with Mitral Valve Prolapse and Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy

This study reveals that mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is prevalent in 14% of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) patients, is strongly associated with *PKP2* mutations, and presents with distinct features such as increased left ventricular mass and wall motion abnormalities rather than the typical arrhythmic MVP characteristics like annular disjunction.

Rich, A. H., Tastet, L., Cristin, L., Jhawar, R., Tang, J. J., Scheinman, M., Delling, F.2026-05-19
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Beyond Agreement: a real-world study of the workflow gap between echocardiography and timely structural cardiac assessmentHow a Validation Study Exposed a Hidden Gap in Cardiac Care

While a prospective study at Cascais Hospital demonstrated that the Cardio-HART (CHART) tool provides clinically credible agreement with echocardiography for left ventricular ejection fraction estimation and heart failure classification, its most significant contribution was revealing a critical, previously overlooked gap between the nominal availability of echocardiography and the timely delivery of structural cardiac assessment in routine care.

Nogueira, M. A., Ferreira, F. C., Batista, E., Eira, S., Proenca, G., Matias, C., Kecskes, I.2026-05-15
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Novel analytical application of the pressure phase plane for evaluating pulmonary artery wave reflection in surgically repaired tetralogy of Fallot

This study demonstrates that pressure phase plane analysis effectively visualizes pulmonary artery wave reflection in surgically repaired tetralogy of Fallot patients, revealing that those who underwent the Rastelli procedure exhibit significantly higher wave reflection and right ventricular afterload compared to other surgical repair types.

Hayabuchi, Y., Homma, Y.2026-05-12
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Causal role of EPA on ischemic heart disease, triglyceride rich lipoproteins and related traits: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis

This two-sample Mendelian randomization study suggests that while eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) remodels triglyceride-rich lipoproteins by shifting particle sizes, it does not demonstrate a protective causal effect against ischemic heart disease in the general European population and may even be associated with a slight increase in risk.

Rasul, R., Schooling, C. M., Soliman, G., Shi, J., Shahn, Z.2026-04-29
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Statistical Analysis Plan for the Cardiac Magnetic Resonance GUIDEd Management of Mild-moderate Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction (CMR GUIDE) trial

This paper outlines the pre-specified statistical analysis plan for the CMR GUIDE trial, which aims to evaluate whether implantable cardioverter defibrillators guided by ventricular scar detection reduce sudden cardiac death or significant ventricular arrhythmias in patients with mild-to-moderate left ventricular systolic dysfunction using a Fine and Gray competing risks model.

Billot, L., Gore, J., Atherton, J., Berry, C., Brachmann, J., Ganesan, A., Hillis, G., Jung, W., Prasad, S., Selvanayaga (…)2026-04-28
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Comparative Effectiveness of TTR Stabilizers for the Treatment of ATTR-CM Using Real-World Evidence

This real-world study utilizing US claims data demonstrates that, compared to tafamidis, the newly approved TTR stabilizer acoramidis significantly reduces the risk of diuretic intensification and a composite of diuretic intensification, heart failure hospitalization, and mortality in patients with newly treated ATTR-CM.

Wright, R., Martyn, T., Keshishian, A., Nagelhout, E., Zeldow, B., Udall, M., Lanfear, D., Judge, D. P.2026-04-27
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Myocardial Tug-of-War Is a Determinant of Left Ventricular Function and Failure

This paper introduces the concept of a "myocardial tug-of-war" at the mesoscale, where mechanical interactions between differently contracting myocardial units determine left ventricular efficiency and adaptability in healthy hearts, but contribute to functional decline following myocardial infarction.

Harbo, M. B., Sadeghinia, M. J., Reyes, Y. D. M., Simitev, R. D., Li, J., Blom, K. B., Storas, T. H., Rosseland, V., Klo (…)2026-04-26